Budapest Open Access Initiative BOAI
"Open access meint, dass diese Literatur kostenfrei und
öffentlich im Internet zugänglich sein sollte, so dass
Interessierte die Volltexte lesen, herunterladen, kopieren,
verteilen, drucken, in ihnen suchen, auf sie verweisen und sie
auch sonst auf jede denkbare legale Weise benutzen können, ohne
finanzielle, gesetzliche oder technische Barrieren jenseits von
denen, die mit dem Internet-Zugang selbst verbunden sind. In
allen Fragen des Wiederabdrucks und der Verteilung und in allen
Fragen des Copyrights überhaupt sollte die einzige Einschränkung
darin bestehen, den jeweiligen Autorinnen und Autoren Kontrolle
über ihre Arbeit zu belassen und deren Recht zu sichern, dass
ihre Arbeit angemessen anerkannt und zitiert wird."
DFG
"Open Access bedeutet den für Nutzer entgeltfreien Zugriff auf
und die Möglichkeit umfassender Verwertung von
qualitätsgeprüften wissenschaftlichen Publikationen im
Internet."
Joseph Esposito
"With the advent of the Internet and online publishing, the
notion has arisen that access to the world's research
publications could be made available to one and all for
free, presumably by shifting the costs to other places in
the value chain and disintermediating publishers, a
circumstance called Open Access (OA) publishing."
20 July 2004, Joseph J. Esposito
(former executive at Simon and Schuster and at Random House, former President of
Merriam-Webster and
former CEO of Encyclopaedia Britannica),
espositoj(at)att.net,
First Monday, opening sentence of abstract for
The devil you don't know: The unexpected future of Open Access
publishing
GAP - German Academic Publishers (DFG-Projekt)
"Open Access: Ziel von GAP ist der freie Zugriff auf
qualitätsgeprüfte wissenschaftliche Information."
GAP-Projektwebseite:
''GAPsearch weist Publikationen nach, die ... per Klick Open
Access zum Lesen, zum Ausdrucken und zum Download verfügbar
sind.''
GAP-Portal
Stevan Harnad
(worum es bei der Open Access Initiative geht)
"The Open Access Initiative is about providing toll-free, online,
full-text access to the 2.5 million articles that appear
annually in the world's 24,000 peer-reviewed journals in order
to make them accessible to all their would-be users worldwide --
irrespective of whether their institutions can afford to
subscribe to the journal in which each article appears -- and
thereby maximising the research impact of each article, its
author, its author's institution, and its author's research
funder."
Stevan Harnad, 20 October 2004,
Amsci-Forum Archive and
American-Scientist-Open-Access-Forum AMSCI
Institute for Science Networking Oldenburg ISN
"Open Access heisst, das Dokument ist im Volltext auf dem Netz
frei verfügbar (mit dem Einverständnis des Autors). Dazu gibt es
die folgenden Möglichkeiten:
- Individuelles Selbst-Archivieren: Der Autor legt das Dokument
auf seinen lokalen Server (z.B. seiner Arbeitsgruppe im
Institut).
- Institutionelles Selbst-Archivieren: Institut / Fachbereich /
Uni-Bibliothek legen das Dokument auf einen ihrer Server
(Projekte sind z.B. GAP German Academic Publishers für Dokumente
aus der lokalen Universitiät, eDoc der MPG für Dokumente aus den
Max Planck Instituten).
- Zentrales Selbst-Archivieren: Das Dokument wird an ein
zentrales OA-Archiv gesandt, das für Dokumente aus aller Welt
und aller Fächer offen ist (z.B.: e-arXiv der Cornell University
oder HAL des CCSD [Centre pour la Communication Scientifique
Directe] des CNRS [Centre National de la Recherche
Scientifique].
- Open Access Journals (siehe Regensburger Elektronische
Zeitschriftenbibliothek, derzeit ca. 10 % aller Zeitschriften)
[eLib]".
Claudia Koltzenburg
"... I suggest we look at a scale by which access to a document
containing research findings can claim to be an Open Access
information object: 1. contentwise, 2. technically, 3. legally,
4. financially, 5. who knows about it? ...
1. contentwise
* intelligibility/usability: does the content of the object make sense? make sense to whom and for what purpose?
* intelligibility/usability: what language(s) are the data in? do my readers know one of these languages?
* quality control: who is the collective of thinkers that has deemed this object to be relevant for publication? how did this collective come together?
* quality control: which power structures governed the process of choice in this case? why is this object more relevant than the one not published?
* etc.
2. technically
* hardware equipment ready to use by author, facilitator/distributor, reader?
* connection line to the internet available by author, facilitator/distributor, reader?
* software ready to use by author, facilitator/distributor, reader?
* ? usability: which standards are claimed to be standards? by whom? for whom?
* etc.
3. legally
* can readers see and understand which licence(s) govern this specific chunk of data, what they may and may not do with the data?
* licence applicable for which legal system?
* how many authors know about the possibilities e.g. creative commons licences offer?
* etc.
4. financially
* who pays?
* to whom?
* for what?
* how often or how long?
* why?
* mandatory payment?
* etc.
5. who knows about it?
* as always: who is in thinks..."
24 September 2004, 4 conditions of open access,
Claudia Koltzenburg,
in: 20 September-4 October 2004: UNDP gpgNet Forum on
Open Access to Scholarly Publications: A Model for Enhanced Knowledge Management? ;
Co-hosted with the Open Society Institute (OSI)
MPG (Max-Planck-Gesellschaft)/ ZIM (Heinz-Nixdorf-Zentrum für Informationsmanagement in der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft) Berliner Erklärung
"Definition of an Open Access Contribution
Establishing open access as a worthwhile procedure ideally
requires the active commitment of each and every individual
producer of scientific knowledge and holder of cultural
heritage. Open access contributions include original
scientific research results, raw data and metadata, source
materials, digital representations of pictorial and
graphical materials and scholarly multimedia material.
Open access contributions must satisfy two conditions:
The author(s) and right holder(s) of such contributions
grant(s) to all users a free, irrevocable, worldwide, right
of access to, and a license to copy, use, distribute,
transmit and display the work publicly and to make and
distribute derivative works, in any digital medium for any
responsible purpose, subject to proper attribution of
authorship (community standards, will continue to provide
the mechanism for enforcement of proper attribution and
responsible use of the published work, as they do now), as
well as the right to make small numbers of printed copies
for their personal use.
A complete version of the work and all supplemental
materials, including a copy of the permission as stated
above, in an appropriate standard electronic format is
deposited (and thus published) in at least one online
repository using suitable technical standards (such as the
Open Archive definitions) that is supported and maintained
by an academic institution, scholarly society, government
agency, or other well-established organization that seeks
to enable open access, unrestricted distribution, inter
operability, and long-term archiving. "
Berliner Erklärung über offenen Zugang zu wissenschaftlichem
Wissen, Oktober 2003, verbindliche englischsprachige Fassung